Sunday, October 7, 2012

Microfinance in India - S.L.Shetty

Microfinance in India
             ISSUES, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS: 
A CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE
In association with EPW Research Foundation, Mumbai 
Dr. S.L. Shetty’s interests in the discipline of Economics have been wide-ranging, with macroeconomics and the financial sector issues being the core. He served the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for 24 years and retired in 1993 as Chief of its research department. On leaving the RBI, he became the Founder Director of EPW Research Foundation (EPWRF) in which capacity he continued for 16 years. While in the RBI, he spent 4 years in a foreign central bank on an IMF assignment. In academic circles, Dr. Shetty is known for his seminal work titled Structural Retrogression in the Indian Economy since the Mid-Sixties (NIBM, 1978) and a series of other contributions through the columns of the EPW. They have ranged from monetary and fiscal policies to money market studies and development issues in the financial sector. 

ABOUT THE BOOK :
The study is an epitome of the mind-boggling flurry of literature on the subject of microfinance. But, it has gone far beyond the review of literature on the concept, country models and history of microfinance movement in India; it has provided a thematic work on the factual profiles of different microcredit programmes prevalent in the country and their progress, The book contains a very up-to-date review of the regulatory measures and their nuances and a detailed review of the evaluation and impact studies. The book also dwells on the limitations of the mFI movement to satisfy the credit needs of the vast informal sector enterprises which also seem to get generally neglected by the formal financial institutions. This has led the study to a review of the new initiatives which the authorities have taken under the broad theme of ‘financial inclusion.’ Keeping the broader objective of distributional goals embedded in the microfinance movement, the book attempts an assessment of the wider challenges faced by the financial system, and provides a dossier of suggestions for reaching out to the small and informal sectors on a more effective scale. As for the mFI movement itself, apart from bringing out it potentialities and also critiquing it, the study presents a set of suggestions for strengthening and expanding its role.

NABARD and RBI

P S Rao’s article (“NABARD and RBI: A 30-Year Legacy Being Upturned”, EPW, 22 September 2012) has indeed made a strong case for the Government of India (GOI) not going forward with the amendments proposed by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Deve­lopment (Amendment) Bill, 2012 that would have the effect of eliminating, in one way or the other, the financial and operational links between the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) and subverting the autonomy of NABARD’s board of directors by making its decisions subject to GOI approval.............

RBI employee dies during Cauvery protest

.......Shivayogish told TOI that as part of Karnataka Bandh we had organized a bike rally from RBI campus to deputy commissioner's office. We left at 10.30am and reached Metagalli around 11.15am and were shouting slogans when Gauranna collapsed from the bike while raising slogans against Tamil Nadu. He was taken to hospital where doctors said he was brought dead. .......

Obituary

I am sorry to advise of the demise on October 3, 2012 in Mumbai of Shri.M.G.Hadkar. He was 78 years old. He had worked in the Bank for over three decades and retired as DGM in DBOD.

May his soul rest in peace.

- P.P.Ramachandran (via e-mail)

A Conversation With Chief Economic Adviser Raghuram G. Rajan


.........Many analysts say you are the leading candidate to become the governor of the Reserve Bank of India next year when Duvvuri Subbarao, the current governor, retires. What do you think about that?.....

Govt, RBI to expedite rules on new banking licences


The government and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have geared up to finalise the norms on new banking licences. In a meeting with the banking regulator, Finance Minister P Chidambaram has assured that necessary amendments would be made in the banking Act. “We have discussed this with RBI, and the central bank has agreed to take the process forward. I have assured RBI that we will do our best to get the amendment Bill passed in the winter session of Parliament,” said Chidambaram. The banking regulator had put out the draft norms on new banking licences in August 2011. A year later, RBI released the highlights of comments and feedback received on the draft norms...........

Financial regulators may oppose creation of unified agency


The Financial Sector Legislative Reforms Commission sees regulators resorting to ‘turf protection’ to keep at bay the creation of a ‘unified regulator’. This could be one of the obstacles coming in the way of the FSLRC’s plans to recommend a unified regulatory agency for the sector.....

Read - HBL

Chidambaram meets RBI, Sebi officials

Finance minister P Chidambaram today held a meeting with Reserve Bank officials, including Governor D Subbarao, as part of a series of engagements planned for the day with the central bank, market regular Sebi and foreign investors to revive the economy.................

Chidambaram promises more reforms

...The Finance Minister’s series of meetings today with officials of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Securities & Exchange Board of India (Sebi) were fruitful, he said, adding that the officials are supportive of the measures taken by the government. "We have to rediscover the path that we followed until a few years ago. We need confidence in ourselves and follow the laws of economics," he added............

RBI slaps fine of Rs 500,000 on Bapunagar Mihila Co-operative Bank for violating norms

.......The RBI found the bank guilty of violating guidelines on exceeding the ceiling on unsecured advances, delay in reporting of Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs), non-filing of First Information Reports (FIRs) and delay in submission of FIRs without any cogent reasons, the central bank said in a statement.......

Allahabad Bank ED pitches for CRR cut

Allahabad Bank’s Executive Director T.R. Chawla has joined other top Indian bankers in making a pitch for a cut in Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) to address the concerns of sluggish credit growth.........

Ranjan Dhawan appointed as Bank of Baroda ED


The Centre has appointed Ranjan Dhawan as an Executive Director of Bank of Baroda. Dhawan, who is now Chief General Manager at Punjab National Bank, is expected to assume charge of his new role on November 1. He will replace Rajiv Kumar Bakshi, who is due to superannuate on October 31. Currently, BoB has three executive directors.
HBL

Bhupinder Nayyar takes charge as Oriental Bank ED


Oriental Bank of Commerce has a new executive director in Bhupinder Nayyar. Nayyar, who was General Manager at Bank of India, assumed charge on Friday, a senior OBC official said. He comes in the place of S.C.Sinha, who superannuated on July 31.
HBL

Andhra Bank gets new ED


Satish Kumar Kalra has taken over as the new Executive Director of Andhra Bank in Mumbai today. Kalra joined the banking industry in 1981 as Probationary Officer in Allahabad Bank and worked in various capacities. Prior to joining Andhra Bank as Executive Director, he was General Manager, handling the Treasury Operations of Allahabad Bank at Mumbai.
HBL

Gold rush


It is really disturbing that major industrial countries hold much larger reserves of gold than emerging economies (“High time RBI bought more gold”, Business Line, October 5). Then, does this alone account for the economic status of rich and poor economies? In-depth study would reveal numerous factors, including imperialism and rapid advances in science and technology. 
- K. Gopalan, Bangalore (HBL)

Financial inclusion scheme totters in Karur


The financial inclusion scheme aimed at universalising banking services and taking the fruits of banking technology to the rural masses and the poorest of the poor, is tottering for want of adequate personnel and support services. Lack of banking literacy is adding to the worries........


Group your savings accounts to enjoy benefits


You and your spouse have a savings account in the same bank. You are also thinking of opening an account there for your daughter. Did you know that all three can be clubbed together under a ‘Family/Group Savings Account’? Clubbing does not mean merging all these accounts into one. It simply means that the bank will identify the accounts of your family members with a common ‘family ID’.........

Saturday, October 6, 2012

A BUNCH OF FRAGRANT ROSES


P.P.Ramachandran, 76 years old (in fact young), is a postgraduate in Economics, postgraduate in Comparative Mythology, and Certificate and Diploma holder in Sanskrit from Mumbai University. He has served in the Reserve Bank of India for 40 years and retired as Deputy General Manager. He writes for a number of journals and is a prolific reviewer of books and a book selector for libraries. He gives lectures regularly to audiences, young and old, on different disciplines. He is a rare bird — a literary banker. His hobbies are reading, writing, and watching English and Malayalam movies and art-films.  

On his 76th birthday today, the book entitled "A BUNCH OF FRAGRANT ROSES" authored by P.P.Ramachandran is published Academic Foundation. The book has a Foreword by Shri S.S.Tarapore, Former Deputy Governor of RBI.
                                             

S.S.Tarapore
Foreword

P.P. Ramachandran, “Chandru” as he is affectionately known, was an official of the Reserve Bank of India for forty years. The stereotyped view of a central banker is a dry, humourless person focussed exclusively on his profession. Ramachandran is one of the rare birds who just cannot be classified into a cubby hole.

Ramachandran’s canvas is the whole wide world and he paints life with a vignette and readers will find this Collectors’ Item an unputdownable book. The sheer breadth of his vision is wonderful to the point of bewilderment. In this slim volume, Ramachandran deftly handles subjects as widely variegated as contemporary issues, religion, science, the fine arts, mythology, social issues and biographical sketches.

Ramachandran is a reconnoitre of events and encounters with eminent personalities. He is at his scintillating best handling vastly different subjects and in one life time he has successively performed as central banker, journalist, social worker, critic, biographer and many more.

At the Reserve Bank of India functions he would regale the audience with his amazing memory of events and inter-action with prominent personalities. Like the Village School Master in Oliver Goldsmith’s ‘The Deserted Village’ it could be said of Ramachandran:  “And still they gaz’d and still the wonder grew, that one small head could carry all he knew”.

Ramachandran’s writings are a Sonata-- a sheaf of memories-- and the reader’s appetite would be whetted by this book and look forward to future volumes by him. Ramachandran is truly a Man for All Seasons.
                                                                                                                                    ABOUT THE BOOK

Here is a delightful medley of essays, articles, speeches, travelogues, book reviews and correspondence with the greats. 

The book is divided into five sections.

The first section includes his tributes to great personalities at various functions. We have a chance to read his tribute to Vinda Karandikar, Durga Bhagwat, Albert Einstein, Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu, M.S. Subbulakshmi, Mumbai’s bookseller T.N.Shanbag, and S. Chandrasekhar. 

Section two consists of 16 book reviews. Ramachandran is a regular reviewer of books for Free Press Journal and “Shanmukha”. He covers a variety of subjects with an authority that is impressive. 

The third section is dedicated to travelogues. These are based on his travels to Europe, America, Ashtavinayak, Uttaranchal and Konkan and contain vignettes of a delightful nature. 

The fourth section covers essays on a variety of subjects such as religion, science, mythology, and light articles on a number  of interesting subjects.

The fifth section covers his correspondence with great personalities like Rajaji, Radhakrishnan,  Khushwant Singh, H.R.F. Keating , Pope John Paul I I and Paul Gallico.

In sum, this book is a veritable feast.

My View on "Tenure for Non-official Directors in RBI"


The decision of the Government for limiting to two terms (each of 4 years) the tenure of non official directors in the RBI Board has not come a day soon. In fact, the continuance in the past of non-official directors on the Board for as long as 10 years or more was the result of the Government not making up its mind on the names sent to them by the RBI for being appointed to its Board. It would be advisable for the Government, in consultation with the RBI, to lay down the criteria ( and make it public) for being considered for the position in the RBI Board. On the basis of the criteria, the persons could be left to be identified by the RBI Governor and the number to be identified would depend on the vacancies. The number could be larger than the vacancies in the Board and the final selection would have to be done by the Finance Secretary and the Governor sitting together on the basis of full agreement between them. Governor should have a full say in the appointments.



In this context, it would  be interesting to recount an incident twenty four years ago while I was serving  as  the Joint Secretary and acting Secretary to the RBI Board.  Shri Talwar, who had distinguished himself not only by his knowledge, integrity but also by his fierce independence as the Chairman of SBI and Chairman of IDBI,was approached by me over phone ( as per instructions) and requested to let me have some particulars about him for being considered for a position in the RBI Board. He asked me the purpose for the enquiry and when I had to reveal the purpose, he promptly and politely told me that he was not interested in the position! Later, I read in one of his articles that Board positions in India, whether it is a Statutory Corporation or a company, are filled only to comply with the statutory requirements and the Boards rarely serve any useful purpose! One wonders whether this was the reason which had prompted him not to show any interest in serving on the RBI Board!! In the opinion of some keen observers of the Indian scene,' Independent Director' is a contradiction in terms !!


- A. Chandramouliswaran (via e-mail)

RBI quiz for kids on Oct 12

....... The Reserve Bank of India, Kanpur, is organising an All India Inter School Quiz contest at Vigyan Parishad, Prayag on October 12. The aim is to apprise students about the RBI and role and history of other financial institutions, ordinary banking, economics, national and international current affairs and progress of the country.  Assistant Manager Jivan Kumar Chowdhaury said children from 120 schools will participate in the quiz........